Recent scientific investigations have shed light on the complex interbreeding between Neanderthals and Homo sapiens during their early encounters. Genetic analysis focusing on the X chromosome has revealed that the primary genetic exchange involved Neanderthal men and Homo sapiens women. The reasons behind this interaction, whether consensual or forced, remain speculative.
Researchers examined the genetic data from ancient Neanderthal genomes, noting an unexpected abundance of Homo sapiens DNA in their X chromosomes. This discovery contradicts previous assumptions that Neanderthal DNA on modern X chromosomes was biologically incompatible, highlighting a rich interbreeding history.
The study also explored variations in Neanderthal DNA presence among modern humans, with non-African populations retaining up to 4% Neanderthal DNA. The findings point towards significant interbreeding episodes during past migrations, indicating that Neanderthals didn’t simply vanish but merged genetically with early Homo sapiens populations.
(With inputs from agencies.)