Case Explained: Punjab encounters surge sparks debate over crime control and human rights – Legal Perspective

WEB DESK: Punjab has witnessed a sharp rise in police “encounters” since the launch of the Crime Control Department (CCD) in early 2025, with hundreds of operations across the province and numerous fatalities. The CCD, tasked with tackling organised crime, gangs, terrorism, and extortion, has been credited by authorities for reducing street crime and neutralising notorious offenders.

Punjab police and government officials insist that CCD teams target only “hardened criminals,” using lethal force in genuine self-defence during raids or pursuits. Senior authorities point to a measurable drop in violent incidents in major cities like Lahore and Gujranwala as evidence of effectiveness.

The Human Rights Commission of Pakistan (HRCP) and civil society organisations warn that the CCD operates with broad powers and limited oversight. Critics allege staged encounters, arbitrary killings, and minimal accountability for officers involved, raising fears of a parallel force circumventing the legal system.

Legal Challenges and Public Debate

In December 2025, a public interest petition was filed in the Lahore High Court, demanding judicial supervision of CCD operations and adherence to constitutional safeguards. For citizens, the surge evokes mixed feelings relief at reduced crime and fear of arbitrary violence. Families of those killed frequently allege innocence or retaliatory motives behind encounters.